During Phase II reforms, which outcome occurred?

During Phase II reforms, which outcome occurred?

• A. Increase in government ownership of facilities
• B. Expansion of universal insurance
• C. Increase in surveillance
• D. Decrease in surveillance

Answer: (D)

Phase II reforms shift from heavy government control toward market-based approaches and deregulation, aiming for efficiency and private-sector involvement. With this shift, the state reduces direct oversight and monitoring of providers, allowing more operational freedom for facilities. That makes a decrease in surveillance the most consistent outcome of Phase II reforms. Increased government ownership or expansion of universal insurance would reflect stronger public control or broader coverage typical of earlier or different reform phases, while increasing surveillance would run against the deregulation focus of Phase II.

Phase II reforms shift from heavy government control toward market-based approaches and deregulation, aiming for efficiency and private-sector involvement. With this shift, the state reduces direct oversight and monitoring of providers, allowing more operational freedom for facilities. That makes a decrease in surveillance the most consistent outcome of Phase II reforms. Increased government ownership or expansion of universal insurance would reflect stronger public control or broader coverage typical of earlier or different reform phases, while increasing surveillance would run against the deregulation focus of Phase II.